CHRISTINE FEERICK. L was not a suspectfor this incident The conversation soonturned into an argument between L and P, with L telling P: 'Fuck you. Canadians have a largely favourable view of police in their communities but Indigenous people, members of visible minority groups and younger … “There’s definitely been some frustration. “They are investigating themselves and I fear that this incident will get dismissed, as it is not being taken seriously,” Porter wrote in a letter to the council in March. WARNING: This story contains graphic details that may disturb some readers. A major inquiry will examine the files of 250 Aboriginal children and young people in the state’s youth justice system to establish why Indigenous young people are so heavily over-represented. Indigenous youth wonder: who is policing First Nations’ police? Toronto Star articles, please go to: www.TorontoStarReprints.com, The Toronto Star and thestar.com, each property of Toronto Star The over-policing and jailing of Indigenous, Black and racialized people is part of that context. Allegations of police use of force against Indigenous people happen “way more often than the public even knows about,” Laming said. This is true in both the adult and youth justice spheres. “I am dismissing this claim that you were treated inappropriately or unlawfully when you were arrested,” Smoke wrote in a letter addressed to Ryan Davis and reviewed by the Star. They said when police refused, they turned to the Six Nations Confederacy Council. Indigenous policing and reconciliation. “He was bleeding all over himself and I couldn’t do anything to help him. Dallas Porter said the Six Nations Police Service officer grabbed him and slammed him onto the ground. This woman, who I’ll call Grace, was 23 years old. read. By the time L was in police custody… Working as an Indigenous person in a colonial institution is always hard,” said Levey, a civilian member with EPS for almost eight years. By News Editor on June 28, 2020. Employment. Western Australian Police also issue Aboriginal drivers with more on-the-spot fines than other person in that state which suggests racist attitudes. “And no one gets to investigate them but themselves.”. With no options available, the men asked Six Nations police to bring in a third party, such as an outside police service, to investigate. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. POLICING INDIGENOUS AUSTRALIANS Arrest as a method of oppression. NSW Police policy found to destructively target Indigenous youth A NSW Police policy that aims to predict and prevent future crime is causing serious harm to Aboriginal youth and has no evidence of … A discussion that takes a critical look into the history of over-policing in Canada, the communities most affected, where things stand now, and where we go from here. The newly-appointed director of the Eeyou Eenou Police Force, which … Children as young as 10 are on a ‘secret police blacklist’ which harms Aboriginal youth, their families, and communities and is proven to not effectively combat crime, new research has revealed. The survivor of a past suicide attempt, Porter, 19, requires a tracheostomy tube to breathe. But if you compare fines issued based on traffic camera incidents, the proportions are almost even. Since police dismissed the men’s complaints, the Six Nations Elected Council has signalled an intention to launch a review of both the police service and its commission, although it’s not clear if the men’s complaints about the raid played a part in that decision. This need is critical given the over-representation of Aboriginal youth in the justice system. “This lack of oversight and accountability can only embolden (Six Nations Police) officers to participate in further abuse,” Friedman said. Non-Indigenous police 'over-criminalized' Cree youth in Quebec, inquiry hears . Unfortunately, indigenous over-representation issue is quite complex with interplay aspects that involve basic causal factors including historical, political, societal and economic factors. Most Indigenous kids don’t do crime, this is an issue of over-policing,” he said. Dallas Porter said the Six Nations Police Service officer grabbed him and slammed him onto the ground. What processes were used to respond to offending by Indigenous and non-Indigenous young people and was there disp… - Indigenous youth are vastly over-represented at all stages in the criminal justice system of Canada and are more likely to be sentenced to prison and receive longer sentences regardless of criminal history and offence severity. Erick Laming, an Algonquin First Nation PhD candidate studying criminology at the University of Toronto, has interviewed Indigenous people living off and on reserve about their interactions with police, and says he’s heard many first-hand stories about police violence and victims having no recourse. Dallas Porter said the Six Nations Police Service officer grabbed him and slammed him onto the ground. QUEBEC — The Quebec government says it will spend $18.6 million over the next five years to improve policing in Indigenous communities. to colleagues, clients or customers, or inquire about A major inquiry will examine the files of 250 Aboriginal children and young people in the state’s youth justice system to establish why Indigenous young people are so heavily over-represented. The 98% — over-policing, suicide and Aboriginal youth in the NT Most young people in custody in the NT are on remand, the consequences of which – social isolation, family and community fracture, stigmatisation, disrupted education, cultural and work opportunities – … His report recommended the province consider expanding the mandates of the SIU and OIPRD to include First Nations policing, “subject to the opting in of individual First Nations.”. • They will be excellent role models for Aboriginal youth. The majority of the submissions received focussed on incidents with police and other criminal justice officials and there seemed to be a particular sensitivity to how police treat them. We received hundreds of responses about racial profiling in policing. By Wendy Gillis Staff Reporter. update Article … Porter said his ordeal began with an Oct. 9, 2019, raid of an alleged cannabis dispensary on Six Nations of the Grand River territory. If the OIPRD or SIU had been investigating, the complainants would have been interviewed and there would be a detailed report explaining the process and the outcome, she said. Where suspected offenders appear to lack community ties, such as * Notes: 1. It’s a difficult role to be in. Although that may mean good news in the future, it doesn’t help the men from Six Nations. Sun., June 28, 2020 timer 7 min. Policing under the Suspect Targeting Management Plan is particularly harmful in criminalising already overpoliced Indigenous young people. We reduce illiteracy and poverty levels in over 1000 indigenous children and youth in La Guajira -Colombia by providing holistic education in rural schools and vulnerable communities without access to education every year. “And no one gets to investigate them but themselves.”. Read "Over-Policing among the Australian Indigenous Communities" by Sa Ngugi available from Rakuten Kobo. The absence of civilian police oversight in First Nations communities has been well documented, most recently by Ontario Court of Appeal Justice Michael Tulloch in his 2016 review of police oversight. The crisis of Aboriginal over-incarceration in Canada is one of the most well-documented features of our Criminal Justice System. Systemic discrimination and negative stereotypes result in more Indigenous people being arrested, charged, and entering the criminal justice system. “After the police slammed me into the floor I was then stood up and slammed into the wall.”. Like many of Ontario’s First Nations communities, Six Nations is outside the jurisdiction of the province’s police watchdogs. If it shifts or becomes blocked it could obstruct his airway, causing him to suffocate. Over-Policing Black and Indigenous Lives. Aboriginal youth are overrepresented in Ontario correctional facilities at a much higher rate than Aboriginal adults. Over-policing and under-policing are different sides of the same coin. Police have wide discretionary powers over surveillance and intervention of individuals in public. Over-policing generally results from the imposition of police control on individual or community activities at a level unlikely to occur in the dominant society. If the raid and arrests had occurred outside Six Nations’ territory, Porter’s injuries would have automatically prompted an investigation by the Special Investigations Unit (SIU), which probes serious injuries and deaths involving police. Aboriginal Australians are significantly over represented as STMP targets across five LACs. The Star sought comment from the elected council but did not hear back. As Figure 2 below shows, of the 41 STMP targets current at 30 June 2014 across the five LACs for which data is available, 22 (54%) were identified as Aboriginal peoples, again suggesting Aboriginal peoples are over represented as targets of policing via the STMP. The over-policing and jailing of Indigenous, Black and racialized people is part of that context. First Nations police services are often staffed by Indigenous officers, though not exclusively. Instead, there has been “complete lack of accountability” surrounding what she called a disturbing use of excessive force. 2. First Nations police services are often staffed by Indigenous officers, though not exclusively. Rastafarians march for access to cannabis industry, B.C. Many of the yo… JOIN THE CONVERSATION Toronto could significantly cut police spending and reduce the over-policing of Black and Indigenous people by removing officers from … The plan also puts extreme strain on family relationships. Republication or distribution of this content is The study addressed three research questions: 1. He and Davis said officers refused to get the backpack containing Q-tips needed to clear Porter’s breathing tube. The memo states the watchdog is “concerned by … Indigenous Australians made up 25% of children aged 10 to 18 subject to the laws in the same period. According to Turtle Island News, the council said in May that there are several concerns about the police service, ranging from ignored emails to community complaints about a problem with the Six Nations police culture. Through consultation with Indigenous communities, Tulloch said the “desire for appropriate civilian oversight of First Nations policing is clear.”. Many police officers and organizations in Ontario acknowledge that racial profiling may occur in police interactions with racialized and Indigenous peoples, and several have taken steps to address it. Adrian Bodnar. “As a member of this community, I deserve the right to feel safe and protected by our police service. “I am dismissing this claim that you were treated inappropriately or unlawfully when you were arrested,” Smoke wrote in a letter addressed to Ryan Davis and reviewed by the Star. In their study of the overrepresentation of Indigenous adults in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia, Jeffries and Stenning (2014) found that sentencing contributes little to the over-incarceration of Indigenous adults compared to decisions of police and prosecutors in the process, and the social conditions of Indigenous people. According to a spokesperson for the Ministry of the Solicitor General, incoming changes to Ontario’s policing legislation will create civilian police oversight of officers employed by First Nation boards that choose to opt in. Since police dismissed the men’s complaints, the Six Nations Elected Council has signalled an intention to launch a review of both the police service and its commission, although it’s not clear if the men’s complaints about the raid played a part in that decision. Past EVENTS / Over-Policing Black and Indigenous Lives. • They will give Aboriginal people confidence that the police force is interested in them. It was at this point that P placed L underarrest for offensive language. United in anger, the men launched complaints about their treatment by officers — but soon realized there was nowhere to turn except the police force itself. Typical offenders include Indigenous Australians who are heavily over­ represented for the offence, and the victim is usually a police officer. Police take very seriously their obligations and responsibilities in relation to all people in police custody, including Aboriginal people and youths. Andrea Levey admits that her frustration over the slow pace of change in the Edmonton Police Service (EPS) is being taken over with hope in the new leadership. His friend, Ryan Davis, was diagnosed with a concussion after he says he was punched in the head by an officer — “I remember saying, ‘Stop, you’re hurting me,’ like screaming (it),” Davis said. Amid a national reckoning about policing, in the wake of two recent fatal police shootings of Indigenous people in New Brunswick and the violent arrest of Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation Chief Allan Adam, the men are speaking out about what they say is a lack of accountability for police actions in their home territory. With no options available, the men asked Six Nations police to bring in a third party, such as an outside police service, to investigate. LGBTQ2S+ Community The VPD LGBTQ2S+ Liaison Officer works with community agencies to improve the safety of LGBTQ2S+ people in our city, which is the goal of the Safe Place program. Indigenous youth wonder: who is policing First Nations’ police? They map the development of Aboriginal criminology in Australia and cover key themes that have disproportionately affected Indigenous peoples such as over-policing, lack of access to justice in the neoliberal context, incarceration, and deaths in custody. Porter, who is not involved with the dispensary and arrived only moments before police, suffered a broken nose. The victim of this offensive language, a policeconstable (P), hadapproached L in pursuit of some information about rocks being thrown at apassing police car. The survivor of a past suicide attempt, Porter, 19, requires a tracheostomy tube to breathe. Meanwhile, Styres and the Davises — all of whom were arrested and charged under the Cannabis Act, although the charges against Porter and Styres have been stayed — could have lodged complaints with the Office of the Independent Police Review Director (OIPRD), the province’s civilian police complaints agency. All A police quota for search warrants in far west NSW has drawn concern about possible over-policing of Indigenous people and communities. Porter and his friends are hopeful the review could bring accountability and say Indigenous communities should have access to police oversight when it’s warranted. Tamar Friedman, a Toronto lawyer representing the men, said it’s not clear who was interviewed, what documents were reviewed or how the police service came to its decision. “I just want justice, and that’s something that hasn’t been on this reserve for a very long time, if ever,” said Mike Davis. Allegations of police use of force against Indigenous people happen “way more often than the public even knows about,” Laming said. But what that looks like — whether it be an oversight body, community council, a commissioner or ombudsperson — should depend on each community’s distinct needs. High profile instances of police brutality against Black, Indigenous and racialized people, from the killing of Andrew Evans in 1978 to the killing of D’Andre Campbell, Chantel Moore and Ejaz Ahmed Choudry this year are not independent incidents, but part of this long-standing trend. This crisis is especially profound in the youth context. Instead, there has been “complete lack of accountability” surrounding what she called a disturbing use of excessive force. Suddenly, the teen’s life was in peril. Like many of Ontario’s First Nations communities, Six Nations is outside the jurisdiction of the province’s police watchdogs. Erick Laming, an Algonquin First Nation PhD candidate studying criminology at the University of Toronto, has interviewed Indigenous people living off and on reserve about their interactions with police, and says he’s heard many first-hand stories about police violence and victims having no recourse. Indigenous young people are much more vulnerable to increasing policing. The survivor of a past suicide attempt, Porter, 19, requires a tracheostomy tube to breathe. Indigenous Peoples twice as likely to be chosen to be surveilled by, or intervened with, by police due to racist stereotypes that criminalize Indigenous people. It should also be noted that Indigenous women were especially heavily over-represented, comprising 44 per cent of the female cases but only 1.1 per cent of the national female population aged 15 and above. What proportion of Indigenous and non-Indigenous young people had contact with the juvenile justice system and what was the extent of this contact? “Dallas could have died, easily, the second that somebody put his face into the ground,” said Alyziah Styres, who listened as Porter struggled to breathe in the back of a police car, his tracheostomy tube partially obstructed. Amanda Porter, a criminologist and researcher at the Melbourne Law School, says over-policing of Aboriginal youth is directly reflected in detention, bail and remand statistics. A majority of offenders are arrested for the offence of offensive language. 2. By. When the new policing legislation comes into force — the regulations are still being drafted and there is no timeline — it will establish the Law Enforcement Complaints Agency (LECA), replacing the OIPRD. Stacia L. Loft, who served as an elected band councillor for the Tyendinaga Mohawk Council, Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte, agreed that Indigenous people negatively affected by police interactions should have access to recourse. Under-policing usually results from a lack of preventive and supportive police services. The impact of over-policing has led to a great distrust of the police by Aboriginal people. “They’re untouchable,” Mike Davis, who was among the group arrested, said of the Six Nations police in a recent interview. Changes are coming, too, under the forthcoming SIU Act, said a spokesperson for the Ministry of the Attorney General, including giving the watchdog the “authority to enter into voluntary agreements with First Nations in Ontario to conduct or assist with investigations.”. The authors of this chapter contextualise crime and criminal justice within Australian colonial history. “As a member of this community, I deserve the right to feel safe and protected by our police service. Neither the Six Nations Police Service nor Acting Deputy Chief David Smoke, the officer who investigated the complaints, responded to multiple emails and phone calls from the Star. Suddenly, the teen’s life was in peril. While the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) has reduced Canada’s overall youth incarceration rate in recent years, the relative proportion of detained Aboriginal youth has actually increased. Our role continues today, with the intent of rekindling trust and strengthening communications with the more than 600 Indigenous communities we serve. presentation-ready copies of Toronto Star content for distribution According to Turtle Island News, the council said in May that there are several concerns about the police service, ranging from ignored emails to community complaints about a problem with the Six Nations police culture. Neither the Six Nations Police Service nor Acting Deputy Chief David Smoke, the officer who investigated the complaints, responded to multiple emails and phone calls from the Star. During the incident, Porter and four other young men — who all live on Six Nations — allege at least six officers used unjustified force while arresting them on cannabis charges. Indigenous Youth Wonder: Who is Policing First Nations’ Police? He said the curfew would disadvantage Indigenous youth and their families in particular, who are already overrepresented in the justice system. In 2017, University of Queensland professor Tamara Walsh obtained data … Constantly being harassed by police is a barrier to having a normal life. Public Safety Canada provides funding to support policing services that are professional, dedicated and responsive to the First Nation and Inuit communities they serve. This will enable First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities to have a holistic, culturally-based and community-driven approach to children and youth services. expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Toronto I was like, ‘How is this right’?”. It’s critical that he avoid lying on his stomach — precisely what he says he was forced to do by police. We found that young people are experiencing patterns of oppressive policing that are harmful to them, their families and the community. “I just want justice, and that’s something that hasn’t been on this reserve for a very long time, if ever,” said Mike Davis. Star Newspapers Limited and/or its licensors. The 98% — over-policing, suicide and Aboriginal youth in the NT. However, I am left feeling violated by the very people who are supposed to be safeguarding our community,” Ryan Davis wrote in a complaint to former Six Nations Police Chief Glen Lickers late last year. “Dallas could have died, easily, the second that somebody put his face into the ground,” said Alyziah Styres, who listened as Porter struggled to breathe in the back of a police car, his tracheostomy tube partially obstructed. failure by not adequately recognising the different lifestyles that Indigenous young people lead. Importantly, she said, Indigenous communities must be supported, including financially, to develop whatever system is best. Among the measures announced at a press conference Friday is funding to enable members of Indigenous police services to stay in their communities while taking specialized training courses around conjugal violence and sexual Regarding the youth’s 12 December 2020 arrest and subsequent detention at the Hobart Reception Prison, Tasmania Police is not aware of any such medical episode. Over Policing. “Sometimes at the Queensland youth detention centre here in Townsville, we have 60 to 70 per cent Indigenous people—there’s obviously a reason. “Six Nations Police smashed my face into the ground multiple times,” Porter said in a written summary of the incident, prepared for the Six Nations Confederacy Council. “A lot of times, Indigenous people don’t want to come forward because they don’t want the attention, they are afraid (they’ll be) targeted even further and, sadly, they just take it,” he said. "The institution of policing has for historical reasons adopted a number of practices, which are injurious to Indigenous peoples in this country, hence their over-representation in arrest and custody rates, leading to their over-representation in jail populations," he said. During the incident, Porter and four other young men — who all live on Six Nations — allege at least six officers used unjustified force while arresting them on cannabis charges. According to a spokesperson for the Ministry of the Solicitor General, incoming changes to Ontario’s policing legislation will create civilian police oversight of officers employed by First Nation boards that choose to opt in. If the raid and arrests had occurred outside Six Nations’ territory, Porter’s injuries would have automatically prompted an investigation by the Special Investigations Unit (SIU), which probes serious injuries and deaths involving police. To order copies of Later that month, the men were advised their complaints had been dismissed, without them ever being interviewed. The NSW police commissioner, Mick Fuller, has previously said Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up about 55% of those – including adults – on an STMP. NSW Police accused of ‘racist policing’, as Indigenous youth comprise more than half of those targeted by obscure Suspect Target Management Program (STMP). permissions/licensing, please go to: www.TorontoStarReprints.com. While recent sentencing amendments and Supreme Court decisions have led to a lowering of the overall jail population, the drop in Aboriginal admissions is much smaller than that of non-Aboriginal admissions. In this context, youth is defined as individuals between 7 and 30 years of age. But what that looks like — whether it be an oversight body, community council, a commissioner or ombudsperson — should depend on each community’s distinct needs. One suggested cause is the provocative over-policing of Indigenous people and the use of police discretion to arrest and charge, often through the use of the so-called ‘trifecta’ of charges – whereby police will approach an Indigenous person about their use of offensive language, and the abrasiveness of the confrontation will cause the situation to escalate and result in charges of resisting arrest and assaulting police. Those mostly affected by over-policing behavior live in rural and remote areas (Walker and MacDonald, 1995 p1-3; Albsudry, 2001 p1; Berry and Crowe, 2009 p2). The Youth Take Charge Program aims to strengthen youth attachment to Canada through engagement. In Simmons, (2009 p1) findings on over-policing did point that those likely to enter in jail among the indigenous community are likely to have been cases of alcohol and drug abuse linking these to indigenous population over-representation in jail among minor issue like street offensive language. Throughout Canadian history, the RCMP played a significant role in shaping Canada's relationship with Indigenous peoples. “In doing this, communities will have ownership over their information, processes, decisions and outcomes.”, Copyright owned or licensed by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited. Other data has shown Indigenous Australians were remarkably over-policed for public nuisance offences in Queensland. Claudianna Blanco. ignoring First Nations goes far beyond cannabis: It flies in the face of established Aboriginal Rights and Title in Canada, Coalition of officers raids Benally’s hemp farms, Local marijuana dispensary hitting the market in November, Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation Chief Allan Adam, Six Nations People’s Cannabis Coalition creates interim agreement, 6 shops open, 31 more to come, Ojibway man faces ongoing harassment from UCCM police, Former national chief says First Nations leadership have ‘no authority’ over cannabis dispensaries, A dream comes true: The Ranch provides Batchewana with fresh grown food and cannabis as a medicine, Staff members beaten by Police during violent raid at Six Nations dispensary [Video], 4% of Canadian cannabis licensees Indigenous-affiliated, with systemic barriers ‘baked into system’, Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte push back on annual Cannabis Cup, detours in place on Highway 49, Canada’s cannabis pardon program is failing. 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